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Frequency distribution

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March 22 2022
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What is the best way to summarize a categorical variable?
Frequency distribution is the most common way of summarizing a categorical variable. It can be either represented as a tabular form called frequency distribution table or graphically using a bar chart or pie chart.
What type of data will we use for this frequency distribution ?
Only categorical data we can use for frequency distribution. But there are two types of categorical data as below Nominal Ex: Age groups, Gender, Test result (positive/negative) etc., Ordinal Ex: Socio economic class, Satisfaction rate of service (highly satisfactory, satisfactory, not satisfactory) etc.,
Example:
Table: Descriptive analysis of type of hypertension in the study population (N=42)
Type of hypertension Frequency Percentages
Gestational hypertension 25 59.52%
Superimposed preeclampsia 10 23.81%
non superimposed preeclampsia 3 7.14%
chronic hypertension 4 9.52%
Interpretation: Among the study population, Gestational hypertension was present in 59.52% (25 out of 42) and superimposed preeclampsia was observed in 23.81% (10 out of 42) and the proportion of non superimposed preeclampsia and chronic hypertension was 7.14% and 9.52% respectively. Figure: Bar chart for distribution of type of hypertension in the study participants (N=42)
Table: Descriptive analysis of body mass index in the study population (N=82)
Body Mass Index Frequency Percentages
Healthy (18.5 to 24.99) 14 17.07%
Overweight (25-29.99) 46 56.09%
Obese (>=30) 22 26.83%
There were 14 (17.07%) healthy participants based on Body Mass Index and the proportion of over weight and obese was 56.09% (46 out of 82) and 26.83% (22 out of 82) respectively. Figure: Pie chart for distribution of Body mass index in the study participants (N=82)
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